About Green Potatoes

About Green Potatoes

Green = vegetables = good, right?

Not when it comes to potatoes.

Here's an important piece of information that my mother taught me years ago, but fewer and fewer people these days seem to know about. Green in potatoes indicates the presence of a rather harmful toxin. When you see patches of green in your potatoes as you peel them, cut out the green parts entirely and discard them.

What is the green? Actually it's chlorophyll. Not bad for you at all. But the chlorophyll indicates that the potato has been exposed to sunlight. And where the potato has been exposed to light is where a natural toxin in the potato (solanine) becomes concentrated at harmful levels. So, never store your potatoes on the counter. Always keep them in a cool, completely dark place.

Solanine is a natural defense mechanism of the potato to ward off fungus and pests. It will also be triggered when a potato is bruised, so if your potato is at all damaged or bruised, discard it.

According to the Wikipedia, deep-frying potatoes at a high temperature (306°F) effectively lowers the level of toxins. But boiling them (212°F) has no effect. Best to stay on the safe side and just cut away the green parts. The NIH website mentions that the potato sprouts can also have concentrated solanine, so those too should never be eaten.

green-potato-3.jpg

One of the things we've been noticing recently is that more often than not the bag of potatoes we buy from our local grocer contains several potatoes with green splotches. Once in a while is one thing, but every time? We've complained to our store's manager and if you are finding green in the potatoes from your produce supplier, we urge you to do the same.

55 Comments

Thank you for this tip! I never knew that about potatoes. Fortunately I don't recall ever seeing green on potatoes, but now I'll know better than to think nothing of it.

Posted by: Nina on March 10, 2008 10:44 PM

This potato thing is something I would probably never know about but for my mother. There's nothing on the USDA website about it. The potato board websites don't mention it. If you didn't have someone take you by the hand and explicitly tell you about the potential problem with green potatoes, you might never learn about it.

Posted by: Elise on March 10, 2008 11:12 PM

From what I've heard, potatoes always contain this toxin but to a much lesser extent. I wonder if the chemical builds up in your system like mercury can from eating too much tuna....I sure as heck don't wanna turn green.

All members of the nightshade family (tomatoes, eggplants, bell peppers, potatoes) have this toxin, but in low enough concentrations that it isn't a problem. The toxins help repel pests. In the case of the potato tuber however, the solanine can become concentrated to harmful levels when exposed to light. Don't know about build-up. Haven't seen it mentioned as an issue. ~Elise

Posted by: Nick on March 10, 2008 11:14 PM

True story: I was talking to my grandmother about her childhood once, and she mentioned that she'd had a very young sister who died from eating a bad potato. I thought she was joking because she mentioned that it was green and that's what made her sick, so it's crazy to read this now.

Posted by: Anonymouse on March 10, 2008 11:23 PM

Thank you very, very much!
We go through at least 100 lbs of potatoes at work (skilled nursing facility)on a weekly basis. This is a need-to-know info that I'll be passing along to our cooks and to our suppliers as well.

Posted by: Lalaine on March 10, 2008 11:35 PM

That green potato is no good for you is pretty common knowledge here in Estonia, and I've known it since I was a kid. However, when I lived in Scotland, I often encountered green potatoes even in upmarket deli shops, and the shopkeepers just raised an eyebrow when I asked them about it..
It's good of you to highlight this issue, Elise!

Posted by: Pille on March 11, 2008 12:33 AM

Thanks for this info. I live in Laos where potatoes are called "foreigner root". Anyway, I've seen some green spots in potatoes since I've been here and wondered about this.

Posted by: Sarah on March 11, 2008 1:52 AM

I have faced many instances of having green potato. Though I never knew why that part comes but I used to chop it off still (just becoz it looked dirty). Thanks for sharing this information. Now I can tell others also about it.

Posted by: Navtej Kohli on March 11, 2008 2:07 AM

Thanks for the tip Elise...I have come across this on occasion.

Posted by: Peter on March 11, 2008 3:03 AM

Ew!!! Thanks for the tip. I always cut out the green parts anyway, but now I know why I should!

Posted by: Susan on March 11, 2008 5:17 AM

And the little guys that sprout out of potato eyes are poisonous too ...

Posted by: Alanna on March 11, 2008 5:30 AM

I never realized that people didn't know potatoes could be poisonous. It was something that I, too, learned from my mother when she taught me about cooking. thanks for putting this information out to keep people safe. also, I've always heard that tomato leaves are poisonous too.

Posted by: Marie on March 11, 2008 8:01 AM

Yes, there is a small amount of poison in green potatoes. No, you won't die from it; there's not enough to make you sick or kill you.

Actually, a person can die from it, and it can make you very sick. Check out the National Institute of Health's page on potato poisoning. ~Elise

Posted by: uwe meller on March 11, 2008 8:04 AM

Thanks for the advice. I had no idea the green was toxic on a potato. How toxic is it? Would it just make you sick? Could it do permanent harm? I'm guessing the answer is that it depends on how much you eat, but I am curious.

Posted by: Andy on March 11, 2008 8:08 AM

I remember reading once that if somebody had discovered potatoes today, they might have trouble getting them approved as edible by the FDA due to the potentially dangerous solanine content. Weird to think about!
I really wish I could find the article.
Thanks Elise. Good info as always.

Posted by: Dan O on March 11, 2008 8:27 AM

I'd never heard anything like this before thank you for drawing attention to it!!!

Posted by: Selah on March 11, 2008 9:11 AM

I too have a noticed a dramatic increase in the number of green potatoes on the shelf. I can't buy a bag of potatoes anymore without at least half of them being green. Its irritated me to the point that I've actually stopped buying them-- why pay for 50% garbage?

I haven't complained to the manager yet, though-- you're right, that's the next step! Thanks for spreading the word.

Posted by: Pamela on March 11, 2008 9:27 AM

I had read this about green potatoes, before, and whenever I have told anyone, they've acted like I'm nuts! I'll have to send a link to all the doubters!

Oh, and I've noticed a huge amount of green potatoes, too, but thought maybe it was due to the discount market I shop at. (aldi's) Those darn brown tinged bags makes it hard to tellif you have many green ones.

I have been using the green potatoes, though, just peeling them until the green is gone, so I hope that's okay.

Posted by: Jennifer on March 11, 2008 10:17 AM

Yes, solanine is toxic and it should be avoided. Should it be feared? No. According to Dr. Holt from the University of Missouri - Columbia, there have not been any reported cases of potato poisoning deaths in the US in 50 years.

According to the International Program on Chemical Safety, and other sources, the toxicity of solanine varies from species to species but the LD50 ranges from 20mg/kg to 590 mg/kg. (LD50 is the concentration at which 50% of the sample population died, in the units of mg of toxin per kg of body weight.) Being conservative, we could take about 25mg/kg to be a safe number to use for humans.

Also according to the Wikipedia article, and other sources, the normal concentration of solanine in healthy white potatoes is 200mg/kg of potato. After exposure to sunlight the concentration can go as high as 1000mg/kg.

So using my weight - about 150 lbs - an LD50 of 25mg/kg and a green potato solanine concentration of 1000mg/kg I would need to eat 3.75 POUNDS of purely GREEN potato to reach a dosage that would be likely to kill me.

I'm not going to sweat the tiny bit of green potato.

Here's a thought that should be even more upsetting. Do you think that the potatoes that are used to make french fries, hash browns, tater tots, etc. in a huge factory are even examined for green spots? Or do they simply get peeled, sliced, packaged, and sent out to you and me? The Wikipedia article referenced above notes that the average person probably gets about 12.5mg/day, which for me is only 0.18mg/kg per day. Luckily it's nowhere near the LD50, so I'm still safe.

Posted by: Joe on March 11, 2008 11:32 AM

Like many of you, I too have been finding a lot more green potatoes. I had a whole bag that was green that I had to throw out. I remember hearing about this at one point which led me to pitching them, but I didn't know if it was really true, or just legend (and I swear my husband thinks I make this stuff up and am so overly cautious). And I wasn't sure if it would make the whole potato bad, so thanks for letting me know that I just need to cut away the bad part.

Funny thing, I have never found a green potato in my CSA distributions!

Posted by: Imperfect Mommy on March 11, 2008 12:06 PM

Thanks. I thought most people knew about this, I don't remember where I learned it. There's a grocery store near our house that I shopped at only once because they had an entire bin of potatoes that were green. I really needed potatoes that day and was really ticked off.

Posted by: Mary on March 11, 2008 12:12 PM

Who knew?! Thanks for the helpful tip!

Posted by: Dani on March 11, 2008 1:38 PM

I did not know that. I just cut it off all the time because it looked odd, and potatoes are cheap so that bit was cheap to throw away.

So, is a potato safe to eat if it grew sprouts that you scrubbed off?

Posted by: Lindsay on March 11, 2008 1:48 PM

Green spuds are everywhere it would seem. I avoid buying potatoes in a plastic bag altogether,as the green ones are difficult to catch. I take the extra bit of time and hand pic each potato and it pays off in spades as I never get green ones. Storage is another thing to consider. My potatoes go quickly into a dark cupboard where it is cool. Another thing. In the summer you must protect your newly purchased spuds from both heat and sun.Put them on the car floor and cover them with a newspaper or coat.

Posted by: Jerold G on March 11, 2008 2:17 PM

Yeah, my mom taught me about green potatoes years ago too. I read once a long time ago that every individual has a different tolerance to solanine, so its important to just cut out the green parts. Out here on the East Coast, I've noticed more green potatoes too.

Posted by: Sherpa on March 11, 2008 2:19 PM

I read about this years ago in Prevention magazine. If I remember correctly, you would have to consume a lot to actually get sick.

Posted by: Lynne Finch on March 11, 2008 2:28 PM

I never knew about this! Thanks for bringing it to our attention.

I was wondering, since I was a kid, my mom has stored potatoes in the fridge. Is that good or bad?

Posted by: inkedAG on March 11, 2008 2:30 PM

Thank you so much for keeping us all informed. I think it is of the utmost importance to stay informed and to stand for good clean food. If green potatoes seem to be more common than before, we should definitely talk to store managers, and use our $ and energy to be outspoken about the quality we want in our food supply.
I just walked into my friend's kitchen and saw a whole basket full of potatoes with a green tint all around!

I have heard that potato peels have a chemical that is not healthy. Do you know anything about that? Should we always be peeling our potatoes?

I'm glad I found your site.
-Stefanie


Hi Stephanie, from what I understand, the solanine occurs mostly right under the peel. When you peel the potatoes, you remove the highest concentration areas. But, usually there isn't enough solanine for there to be a problem, so it's perfectly fine to eat the peels, normally. Just don't eat the peels if the flesh directly underneath is green. Cut away those parts. ~Elise

Posted by: Stefanie on March 11, 2008 2:38 PM

I found this online:
"However, unless you are deliberately seeking out green potatoes to eat, you are unlikely to ingest enough of the toxin to do harm. The potatoes we buy contain such a minute amount of the chemical that a healthy adult would have to eat about 4-1/2 pounds at one sitting to experience any neurological symptoms."

True, however the same article also says, "Do discard any potatoes that have green eyes, sprouts, or greenish skins, rather than prepare and serve them, especially to children. Children's smaller body size makes them more susceptible to ill effects." ~Elise

Posted by: Lucy on March 11, 2008 3:17 PM

Do you use a potato box, then, elise, or how do you store your potatoes and onions?

We store our potatoes in a woven basket in a closed pantry. The onions we eat up so quickly we store them in a basket on the kitchen counter. If we didn't eat them up so fast, they would be stored in the pantry also. ~Elise

Posted by: Guinnevere on March 11, 2008 4:13 PM

Thank you soooooooooo much for this post. It's like you read my mind. I used to keep my potatoes in my pantry but it seemed they sprouted eyes too fast so I started keeping them in a fruit/vegetable tree on top of my fridge. I heard refrigerating them causes the starches to breakdown into simple sugars, or some such. Recently, I noticed the greening but didn't think anything of it but Sunday my last potatoe was solid green. I thought perhaps it was picked before it was fully ripe, shrugged my shoulders and made a mental check to find out what caused potatoes to green. I proceeded to slice it and fried it in a pan. I only ate half and froze the rest. I will most definitely throw that away and find out what the results are from consuming the toxins. Yikes!

Posted by: Robbie on March 11, 2008 5:47 PM

This is great info! I've always peeled away the green, but didn't know what it was. Funny--a veggie that grows in the ground has been exposed to the sun? I'm not surprised that one poster didn't see green in her CSA potatoes.

Here's the question--Potato chips--I've seen green ones. Has the frying process destroyed the toxin? (I know, not healthy:) I'm just curious).

Based on the info from the Wikipedia page on Solanine, deep frying does reduce the toxins. ~Elise

Posted by: fezzik on March 11, 2008 6:26 PM

Then there is the Harold McGee column at http://news.curiouscook.com/2006/08/green-potatoes-may-not-be-as-toxic-as.html which cites a study with slightly different results.

Great link, thanks! Harold is, as usual, on top of things. I'll add the link to the others. ~Elise

Posted by: aardvarknav on March 11, 2008 7:35 PM

Thank you! I had no idea about the green parts. I always cut them away anyway, just as I cut away brown spots and whatnot, since green is obviously not a normal potato color.

Posted by: verily on March 11, 2008 9:06 PM

Wow, good to know. I usually cut the green away if there is any, just because I'm picky. I didn't know it was toxic, though.

Posted by: Amy on March 12, 2008 12:08 AM

There is actually a potato inspector who is supposed to come through grocery stores periodically to check for this. I learned this when I worked at a small grocery store in 2005. Actually I think the guy looks at bagged produce in general, or maybe just apples and potatoes. At any rate, he complained about this to us, we were educated about it, and we removed the green potatoes from the shelves.

Unfortunately i don't remember where the guy was from, but somebody up in our government knows abotu this, and is probably the proper place for such complaints.

Funny comment above about how "if potatoes were discovered today they would not be approved to be consumed due to their toxic content." Makes you think twice about all this government regulation on our food. Let these people Eat!

Posted by: katie on March 12, 2008 8:31 AM

My mom always told me not to eat the green ones but I don't know that she even knew why. Her mom probably told her etc etc.

Posted by: EB of SpiceDish on March 12, 2008 11:34 AM

Thanks for the hot tip about green potatos. I would have never thought of that tip. Keep up the good work.

Posted by: Gogi on March 12, 2008 12:11 PM

Thanks for this information- I usually cut out the green part but had no idea that their were toxins affiliated with that. I will really be paying attention and I will be sure to share this.

Posted by: Deborah Dowd on March 12, 2008 6:41 PM

What about green potato CHIPS? You know, potato chips that have green areas on them when you pull them out of the bag?

Posted by: Mr. Curiousity on March 12, 2008 6:42 PM

I ate a baked potato that had a green part once. Oh dear. SEVERE vomiting and diarrhea. SEVERE. Seriously. I didn't eat any kind of potato for a good six months.

Posted by: leigh on March 13, 2008 5:48 AM

My father always taught me not to eat green potatoes, and that the whole potato should be discarded as it's not enough to just cut away the green bit.

As you've already stated the green bit is chlorophyll and indicates that the potato was exposed to light, while the solanine is colourless and odorless. According to my father it can be evenly spread throughout the potato but is most concentrated in the peel.

So I guess if you want to cut away the green bit and eat the rest, you should at least make sure it is peeled.

Posted by: chai on March 13, 2008 6:53 AM

WOW thanks for the information, I didn't know that potatoes could be poisonous :(

Posted by: Kristina on March 15, 2008 7:34 AM

I grew up on a potato farm in NW MI and have known about green potatoes and sprouts my whole life. I recently was having a potato emergency and bought a bag of MI russets that were in a plastic bag (that was all that was available at the moment). In the store, under florescent lighting, they looked fine, at home in my kitchen, the entire bag was green, all over. So disappointing! One tip I have is only buy your potatoes in a paper bag and make sure the screen has been facing downward. Store lights will turn the potatoes green fast. My dad would get so upset when he noticed the potato bags upside down in the stores (we delivered our potatoes to all the local stores) and would take the time to educate every produce manager about the damage light can do to a potato. Potatoes need to breath, so putting them in a plastic bag will shorten their life, as will storing them next to onions. I always try to buy potatoes that have been grown in the state that I reside as I don't really need a potato that has traveled 2000 miles from Idaho. The short exposure time at farm markets is nothing to worry about, most stands won't have their produce out in direct sunlight, precisely to avoid the green potato from happening.

Posted by: Ginger on March 26, 2008 2:07 PM

Wow! I never thought this can be very dangerous. I am so lucky that I have read this. Whenever I cook French fries, I just ignore the green stuff, thinking it is just normal. Thank you very much for informing people about this.

Posted by: danch on March 31, 2008 6:04 AM

Hi Elise,

I'm a regular visitor to your blog, and have used several recipes (always to great effect-- thank you!). I read this post awhile back, but today was the first time I ever encountered a green potato. Thank you for making me aware of the presence of solanine-- probably saved me a few sick days :).

Posted by: Eeshani on April 7, 2008 10:07 PM

They are deadly to dogs. A couple nights ago, my friends small dog got into a trash bag which contained green parts of the potatoe which had been disgarded from that evening meal. Their dog started throwing up and it died within an hour. When cutting those parts out, put them in garbage disposal to avoid this happening to another animal.

Posted by: Linda on July 31, 2008 7:38 AM

My husband did not hill our potatoes this year, or at least hill them enough. So we have lots and would like to know if we can use them for planting for next year?

No idea. I would consult your local nursery. ~Elise

Posted by: bernadette on September 13, 2008 3:46 PM

Thank you for the pictures. I visited several sites before yours because I was trying to find pictures.
I read your article and most of the postings, and I still have some confusion about the peel being green and right under it. When I peeled the potatoes the green-ness went away. But is it still safe enough for children if I have peeled away all the green?
Again, thanks for the pictures, very helpful!

If you have a potato that has a small green spot and/or bruise, then you should peel it away. The rest of the potato should be fine. If you have a potato that has a lot of green, or very bruised, I would throw it out. ~Elise

Posted by: Amy on December 12, 2008 1:59 PM

Years ago my husband cooked up mashed potatoes with too much green--I'd been taught to remove the green parts, but he'd been taught to eat anything that doesn't run. I noticed a slight funny sensation on my tongue, similar to what you get from chewing a bit of tomato leaf, but decided to "not be a baby" and eat it anyway. Hah, last time for that one! I felt sick for days... Not horribly sick, just draggy, nauseous, headachy blah that went on and on. You don't have to toss the whole potato, just peel off all of the green.

Posted by: Shannon on April 11, 2009 7:19 AM

In the past few months, I have purchased bags of potatoes from various different stores and have always found a number of bad potatoes in every bag. Usually they had black spots surrounding white moldy areas inside the potato, often up to an inch deep. Due to my frustration with the sheer volume of bad potatoes per bag, I decided to try a pricey organic bag to see if it was any better. I just brought it home and found that the potatoes were green inside. I had never seen a green potato before. Fortunately I googled "green potato" and found your site before I ate it. I'm pregnant, so I especially don't want to be ingesting any extra toxins right now. Thanks for your informative post!

Posted by: m.a. on June 2, 2009 12:57 PM

Hi I just wanted to know if it would still be a problem to eat the potato if it was green but you peeled it only after you boiled it. Would it make a difference from if you peeled the green part off before boiling it?

My advice would be, if the potato just has a little green spot, cut out and discard the green part either before or after boiling. If it has lots of green, throw the whole thing out. ~Elise

Posted by: Jerrine on July 24, 2009 2:23 AM

Hi,

The green part is just an indication of the poison in the potato.

Cutting out the green will not remove the poison that is throughout the potato.

Children and the elderly are most effected. The poison last more than 24 hrs. so it is cumulative.

Return the potatos to your grocer and get your money back.

Jim Furr >>

Posted by: Jim Furr on August 13, 2009 3:43 PM

G'day Elise
We get 'greenies' down under too. Though it's a rare occurrence, we'll get the odd 1 or 2 green spuds. I either whack the green bit off or bin the entire spud if it's green all over. Just a note...the nightshade family also includes tobacco too. Makes ya wonder a bit. And with all the fish & chips I've had in my life, (NOT healthy but quick & tasty), NEVER have I had a 'greenie' in the chip (french fry) bag.
Thank you for what you do here.
Cheers
Jas

Posted by: Jas on August 15, 2009 11:30 PM

Ack! XD. I just found this site now. I should have googled green potatoes before I made my omlette last night.

The potatoes were green inside and since the whole bag seemed like that, I thought it was normal, so I cooked it and ate it anyway.

Over the night I had the symptoms of food poisoning and didn't connect the dots until now. I thought maybe it was something else, until I remembered the green potatoes.

Don't eat green potatoes!

I've taken activated charcoal to start pulling all the toxins from my system, and feel like I'm getting better today. Lesson learned there.

Posted by: Ned on October 10, 2009 1:22 PM

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